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Characteristics and application trends of solid-state lasers
Release time:
2021-05-12
Solid laser is a laser using solid laser material as working material. The working medium is a small amount of activated ions doped evenly into the crystal or glass as the matrix material, which has the characteristics of small size, convenient use and large output power.
Solid laser is a laser using solid laser material as working material. The working medium is a small amount of activated ions doped evenly into the crystal or glass as the matrix material, which has the characteristics of small size, convenient use and large output power.
Light is the excitation source for solid-state lasers.The commonly used pulse excitation source is Xenon-filled flash lamp.Continuous excitation sources are krypton arc lamp, tungsten iodide lamp, rubidium potassium lamp, etc.In small, long-life lasers, semiconductor light-emitting diodes or sunlight can be used as exciting sources.Some new solid-state lasers are also laser-excited.
Solid-state lasers are inefficient in energy conversion because only part of the emission spectrum of the light source is absorbed by the working substance, plus other losses, and are generally between a few thousandths and a few percent.
Characteristics of solid state lasers
Solid-state lasers can be used as high-energy and high-power coherent light sources.The output energy of a ruby pulse laser can reach kilojoule level.The highest pulse power of the Q-switched and multi-stage amplified Nd glass laser system is 10 watts.The output power of Yttrium-Aluminum Garnet CW laser is up to 100W and multistage series connection is up to kilowatt.
Using Q-switch technology (see light modulation), solid-state lasers can obtain short pulses ranging from nanosecond to hundred nanosecond and ultra-short pulses ranging from picosecond to hundred picosecond by mode-locking technology.
Due to the optical inhomogeneity of the working substance, the output of general solid-state lasers is multimode.If the working material with good optical homogeneity is selected and the technical measures such as carefully designed cavity are taken, the TEM00 laser with beam divergence angle close to the diffraction limit can be obtained as well as the single longitudinal mode laser.
Application Trends of Solid Lasers
Solid state lasers have a wide range of applications in military, processing, medical and scientific research fields.It is commonly used in ranging, tracking, guidance, punching, cutting and welding, semiconductor material annealing, electronic device microprocessing, atmospheric detection, spectral research, surgery and ophthalmology, plasma diagnosis, pulse holography and laser fusion.Solid state lasers are also used as excitation sources for tunable dye lasers.
The development trend of solid-state lasers is diversification of materials and devices, including seeking new tunable working substances with new wavelength and working wavelength, improving conversion efficiency of lasers, increasing output power, improving beam quality, compressing pulse width, improving reliability and extending working life, etc.
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